“Superhighway” in Space: China’s Laser Tech Enables Rapid Data Transfer for Remote Sensing
China has achieved a significant milestone in satellite communication technology, successfully conducting a 100Gbps ultra-high-speed satellite-to-ground laser transmission test for high-resolution remote sensing imagery. This breakthrough, reported by the South China Morning Post, positions China ahead of SpaceX’s Starlink in satellite-to-ground laser communication capabilities. Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd. (Chang Guang Satellite) accomplished this feat, building upon their previous successes in 10Gbps satellite-to-ground and 100Gbps inter-satellite laser communication tests.
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Wang Xingxing, the lead on ground station laser communication technology at Chang Guang Satellite, emphasized the transformative nature of this achievement, comparing it to upgrading a single-lane highway to a multi-thousand-lane superhighway. The company plans to equip all satellites in the Jilin-1 constellation with these laser communication devices, aiming for a 300-satellite constellation by 2027. They are also developing multiple laser communication ground stations nationwide.
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The successful test, conducted using a self-developed vehicle-mounted laser communication ground station and the Jilin-1 Platform 02A02 satellite, validated the technology’s feasibility and advanced capabilities. The team overcame significant challenges, including atmospheric channel compensation, high-precision time-frequency synchronization, Doppler shift dynamic correction, high-sensitivity demodulation, and precise beam tracking and pointing. They also collaborated with Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications to advance mode diversity reception technology.
Unlike traditional stationary ground receivers, the Chinese team utilized a mobile ground station mounted on a truck, enhancing deployment speed. The compact, backpack-sized laser communication terminal was carried by the Jilin-1 Platform 02A02 satellite, which was part of a record-breaking launch of 41 satellites in June 2023. This achievement significantly enhances the Jilin-1 constellation’s capabilities, which, as of November 2024, comprised 117 satellites, making it the world’s largest sub-meter commercial remote sensing satellite constellation.
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This breakthrough in ultra-high-speed laser communication technology will greatly improve data transmission efficiency, supporting the rapid relay of massive remote sensing imagery. It also lays the groundwork for deploying next-generation remote sensing constellations and constructing China’s integrated satellite internet system, supporting the evolution from 5G NTN to 6G satellite internet development.
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