India’s population is expected to peak at 1.7 billion in the early 2060s, followed by a 12% decline, yet it will remain the world’s most populous country throughout the century, according to UN estimates. The World Population Prospects 2024 report reveals that India’s current population of 1.45 billion will rise to 1.69 billion by 2054, maintaining its global demographic dominance.
The global population is projected to grow, peaking at 10.3 billion by the mid-2080s, before slightly decreasing to 10.2 billion by the century’s end. In contrast, China’s population, currently at 1.41 billion, will dramatically decrease to 633 million by 2100, losing more than half its current population.
John Wilmoth, Director of the Population Division at UN DESA, attributes China’s population decline to its low fertility rate, currently around one birth per woman. Other countries, including Japan and Russia, are also projected to experience significant population declines.
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